Giải phương trình: sin^8x+cos^8x=2(sin^10x+cos^10x)+5/4cos2x

Hướng dẫn giải:

Ta có: (*) \( \Leftrightarrow ({{\sin }^{8}}x-2si{{n}^{10}}x)+({{\cos }^{8}}x-2{{\cos }^{10}}x)=\frac{5}{4}\cos 2x \)

 \( \Leftrightarrow {{\sin }^{8}}x(1-2{{\sin }^{2}}x)-{{\cos }^{8}}x(-1+2{{\cos }^{2}}x)=\frac{5}{4}\cos 2x \)

 \( \Leftrightarrow {{\sin }^{8}}x.cos2x-{{\cos }^{8}}x\cos 2x=\frac{5}{4}\cos 2x\Leftrightarrow 4\cos 2x({{\sin }^{8}}x-co{{s}^{8}}x)=5\cos 2x \)

\(\Leftrightarrow \cos 2x\left[ 4({{\sin }^{8}}x-{{\cos }^{8}}x)-5 \right]=0\Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{align} & \cos 2x=0\begin{matrix}  {} & {} & {} & (1)  \\\end{matrix} \\  & 4({{\sin }^{8}}x-{{\cos }^{8}}x)=5\begin{matrix}   {} & (2)  \\\end{matrix} \\ \end{align} \right.\)

+ (1) \( \Leftrightarrow 2x=\frac{\pi }{2}+k\pi ,\text{ }k\in \mathbb{Z} \).

+ (2) \( \Leftrightarrow 4({{\sin }^{4}}x-co{{s}^{4}}x)({{\sin }^{4}}x+co{{s}^{4}}x)=5 \)

\(\Leftrightarrow 4({{\sin }^{2}}x-{{\cos }^{2}}x)(1-2{{\sin }^{2}}x{{\cos }^{2}}x)=5\Leftrightarrow -2\cos 2x\left( 1-\frac{1}{2}{{\sin }^{2}}2x \right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow -2\cos 2x.\left[ 1-\frac{1}{2}(1-{{\cos }^{2}}2x) \right]=5\Leftrightarrow {{\cos }^{3}}2x+\cos 2x+5=0\) (vô nghiệm)

Cách khác: Ta có  \( 4({{\sin }^{8}}x-co{{s}^{8}}x)=5 \) (vô nghiệm)

Vì  \( ({{\sin }^{8}}x-co{{s}^{8}}x)\le 1,\forall x\Rightarrow 4({{\sin }^{8}}x-co{{s}^{8}}x)\le 4<5,\forall x \).